01),而癌旁组织比远癌组织的表达也有所增加(P<0.05)。MMP-7在肠癌组织的表达较癌旁组织增多,差异显著(P<0.05);MMP-7的mRNA表达在肠癌组织显著高于癌旁组织(P
胃癌是发病率较高的恶性肿瘤,也是导致肿瘤相关死亡的主要病种。胃癌患者中将近20%HER-2表达阳性。HER-2在HER/erb B家族的活化和信号转导中起着重要的作用,参与了肿瘤细胞的增殖、分化、转移和细胞转化,HER-2过表达还与鲍曼分型,淋巴转移,静脉浸润,淋巴管浸润相关,HER-2过表达患者预后往往较差。目前针对HER-2靶向治疗的方法包括单克隆抗体、小分子酪氨酸激酶抑制剂等,都取得了一定的疗效,但同时也出现许多新问题有待解决。
卵巢癌的发生过程中存在磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶/蛋白激酶B/哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(PI3K/AKT/m

Wnt agonist TOR)信号通路的激活,该通路的异常激活可促进细胞增殖、抑制细胞凋亡、促进肿瘤侵袭和转移。PI3K/AKT/m TOR通路靶向抑制剂对卵巢癌显示出一定的疗效,目前该靶向药物的临床试验已开展,并显示出良好的安全性和有效性。针对PI3K/AKT/m TOR的靶向药物将为卵巢癌的治疗指明新方向。
近年来,乳腺癌的分子靶向治疗取得了长足的发展。曲妥珠单抗联合化疗已成为Her-2阳性乳腺癌患者的标准一线治疗。全文从抗Her-2治疗药物,PI3K/AKT/m TOR通路中的抑制剂,抗血管生成治疗药物,针对BRCA1/2突变的PARP抑制剂,细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶4和6(CDK4/6)抑制剂几个方面就当前乳腺癌分子靶向治疗现状作一综述。
PI3K-AKT-mTOR信号转导通路是哺乳动物肿瘤免疫中重要的信号通路,在多种恶性肿瘤的演变过程中发挥了极其重要的作用。近几年来,随着肿瘤分子生物学的发展,恶性肿瘤的靶向治疗成为研究热点,通过研究探讨PI3K-AKT-mTOR信号通路在肿瘤发生、发展过程中的信号转导机制,联合多种抑制剂或者寻找作用于多种信号通路、多靶点的新药,对于肿瘤的靶向治疗有重要意义。
Glioblastoma

multiforme(GBM),designated as World Health Organization(WHO)grade IV astrocytoma,is a lethal and therapy-resistant brain cancer comprised of several tumor cell subpopulations,including GBM stem cells(GSCs)which are believed to contribute to tumor recurrence following initial response to therapies.Emerging evidence demonstrates Selleck DUB inhibitor that GBM tumors are initiated from GSCs.The development and use of novel therapies including small molecule inhibitors of MK0683核磁共振 specific

proteins in signaling pathways that regulate sternness,proliferation and migration of GSCs,immunotherapy,and non-coding microRNAs may provide better means of treating GBM.Identification and characterization of GSC-specific signaling pathways would be necessary to identify specific therapeutic targets which may lead to the development of more efficient therapies selectively targeting GSCs.Several signaling pathways including mTOR,AKT,maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase(MELK),NOTCH1 and Wnt/β-catenin as well as expression of cancer stem cell markers CD133,CD44,Oct4,Sox2,Nanog,and ALDHlA1 maintain GSC properties.Moreover,the data published in the Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)specifically demonstrated the activated PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in GBM tumorigenesis.Studying such pathways may help to understand GSC biology and lead to the development of potential therapeutic interventions to render them more sensitive to chemotherapy and radiation therapy.